Our economy is becoming more digital, and technology is being adopted in all spheres of human endeavour. New technologies have the potential to boost output and enhance living standards. For instance, artificial intelligence coupled with robotics can transform production systems. While emerging technologies bring new benefits, they have also increased illegal activities involving technology and digital communication. Criminals use hacking techniques to gain unauthorised access to computer systems, networks, and databases. They exploit software vulnerabilities, employ malware, or use social engineering tactics to steal sensitive information, disrupt operations, or launch cyberattacks on individuals and organisations. The scale and complexity of new-age cybercrimes are wide-ranging, disrupting and upsetting individuals and organisations.
In recent times cybercrimes have overshadowed traditional professional crimes like dacoities, robberies, burglaries and theft of physical property. Almost 20 per cent of the crimes reported in metropolitan cities of the country are now cybercrimes. In Karnataka during the last 5 years the total number of cybercrimes registered are over 57,000. Since the modus operandi of these crimes are quite new and involve technology, the detection rate is not very satisfactory. Investigation and prosecution of cybercrimes is not that easy compared with traditional crimes due to the following;
- Cybercriminals are highly intelligent and use sophisticated gadgets which are difficult to trace.
- An important aspect of cybercrimes is its non-local character; action can occur in jurisdiction separated by vast distances. A person can commit cybercrimes by sitting in any country.
- Investigation agencies do not get adequate cooperation from social media networks and service providers
In order to effectively combat the emerging threats of cybercrimes, Police Officers need to be equipped with advanced technologies in tune with changing times. In addition to the traditional investigation skillsets, police officers must have the technical know-how to navigate the complicated cyberspace successfully. Traditionally, Police Departments in India have had an unfriendly relationship with technology. However, there is no way one can ignore and/or resist the adoption of new technologies any longer since recent developments in information technology have changed the attitudes and perceptions of police forces as well as criminals. Undoubtedly, the technologically sophisticated types of crimes related to these perceptions and attitudes will increase and continue. However, the effective use of technological advancements and the implications of utilizing IT for policing will be helpful in combating crimes.
The setting up of the country’s first Cybercrime Police Station at C.I.D Headquarters, Bengaluru way back in 2001, manifests the Karnataka Police’s efforts in addressing the cybercrime challenges. The State Police have implemented various initiatives and strategies to combat cyber threats and ensure the safety of individuals and organisations in the digital realm. Subsequently, dedicated C.E.N. Stations in all districts & Commissionerate have been established to handle Cybercrimes, Economic offences and Narcotics cases exclusively. These specialised units are equipped with trained individuals specialising in investigating cybercrimes and conducting digital forensics.
To put in place an institutionalized structure for effectively building capacity and infrastructure for handling the cybercrimes investigations, the Criminal Investigation Department, Karnataka State, in collaboration with Infosys Foundation, the philanthropic arm of Infosys and Data Security Council of India (initiative of NASSCOM) has set up a Centre for Cybercrime Investigation Training & Research (CCITR) at CID Headquarters, Benglauru.
Police alone cannot prevent cybercrimes and ensure cyber security. Involvement of citizens is crucial in preventing criminal from indulging in these nefarious activities. Creating awareness regarding safeguarding of personal and financial information require frequent interaction of law enforcement agencies and public. Many of victims of cybercrimes are lured by criminals through offers to gain instantly through simple ways. Therefore, effective publicity campaigns need to be designed to create awareness among citizens.
The victims of cybercrimes are not only individuals but many at times organisations also come under the attack of cyber criminals. The cybercrimes relating to organisations are mostly in the form of data thefts, hacking of websites, ransomware and thefts of trade secrets and intellectual property. The impact of cybercrime on organization goes beyond financial losses. It erodes trust in digital systems, disrupts our lives, and jeopardizes national security. The cost of data breaches is staggering, and the potential for cyberattacks to disrupt critical infrastructure is a real and growing concern. To protect individuals and organisations we must adopt robust cybersecurity measures. Regular software updates, strong passwords, multi-factor authentication, and employee training are essential. Organisation must invest in cybersecurity infrastructure and proactive monitoring.
In conclusion, the battle against cybercrimes is not one that any single entity can win alone. Public-private partnerships represent a formidable weapon in our arsenal against cyber threats. By harnessing the combined strength of Police, businesses, and civil society, we can fortify our defenses, respond to emerging threats, and ultimately create a safer digital landscape for all.